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Fishing Methods in Japan . FISHING METHODS as KIGO A lot have been discussed, as they are kigo for haiku.Here I will try and introduce more local methods, which are not kigo.
in ABC order of the Japanese.
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hobiki ami ryoo 帆引き網漁
Sail Trawler fishing trawlers
hobiki sen 帆引き船 boat with sails billowing
This is a special method at Kasumigarua 霞ヶ浦, a large inland sea of Japan.
The sail is huge and should not touch the water when raising it. It takes some strong arms to perform this feast. Once the sail is up, the fishermen can relax and let the wind do the moving.
This method has been abandoned in 1967, until then it was the only method allowed on the lake. But is now revived by the local fishermen as a tourist attraction.
quoteThe hobiki-sen use a single, wide rectangular sail and fish by drifting downwind, the sail being used to generate pulling power for the net which is dragged some 60 to 80 meters behind the boat as it travels beam-on (sideways) to the wind and rides crossways up the crests and down the troughs of the waves.
To crew a hobiki-sen in anything but the most balmy breezes takes great skill in handling the sail and spar to prevent capsizing, and indeed many boats did turn turtle until their crews gained experience.
Conversely, in the case of too much wind or none, the boats simply did not go out. The main targeted species of the hobiki-sen fishermen were whitebait(shirauo) and freshwater smelt (wakasagi). The latter were boiled in brine and dried in the sun before being sold to the fishmongers.
source : educationinjapan.wordpress.com:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
ishigamaryoo ishigama ryoo 石がま漁（いしがまりょう）
fishing in artificial stone islandsThis is a method used at only during the cold days of winter at the lake Koyama-ike 湖山池（こやまいけ）in Tottori.
It is now practised by only a few and is a designated cultural property of Tottori prefecture.
quoteThe
Koyama-ike Pond is located six kilometers west of central Tottori City in eastern Tottori, close to Tottori Airport. It was an inlet of the Sea of Japan, but became a closed lagoon when deposits from the River Sendai-gawa separated it from the sea. There are seven islets in the pond; the largest, Ao-shima, has a park with a nice promenade and camping ground.
This pond, being 4 kilometers long from east to west and 2.4 kilometers wide from north to south, is almost a lake in size and is a sanctuary for eels, carp and other freshwater fish.
They still practice a traditional style of fishing there, called "
Ishigama-ryo," where fishers form a trap with large rocks and wait for the fish to enter.
source : www.jnto.go.jp 
This type of fishing takes place on the western side of the lake in
Mitsu 三津地区. It makes use of the habits of the freshwater fish in the lake to hide in rock caves. It is done since 1655, maybe even older and now it is performed as a hobby to preserve the tradition by the local fishermen.
The "stone cauldron" (ishigama 石がま（石釜、石竈）is built up from the bottom of the lake, about 2 meters deep and about 50 cm above the sea level. Inside it is like a labyrinth for the fish to hide, with a final "box" (doobako 胴函 ) to catch them at the end.
In the stone island there are many slots where the fishermen can put in their poles to disturb the fish.
On a fine day from the end of January till mit-Feburary the "master" will decide when the hunt starts. If the island on the other side is clearly visible on the quiet lake, the hunt starts. This means for all the fishermen to be working constantly for the next five to seven hours, poking wooden pine poles of about 6 meters in the holes of the rocks and make noise and small waves, slowly driving the fish to the back of the island.
This is the day of "emptying the cauldron" (kama-age 石がま揚げ」.
While the menfolk stand there in the cold, poking their poles, the womenfolk bring them some food. It is only onigiri rice balls and some side dishes which are cut to long poles, so the men can take a nigiri in one hand and stick one of the food items between the fifth and fourth finger, nibbling on the food as they continue to poke with the other hand, standing in the cold the whole day.
Finally the fish are scooped out of the box. Carp, crucian carp, catfish, eel and pond smelt are the most common.
コイ・フナ・ナマズ・ウナギ・ワカサギ
Once the fish are scooped out, they are put into bags and shared with all the families involved in the day's catch. One catch can bring as much as 100 to 200 kg of fish.
During the active times around 1877, there were more than 85
ishigama in the lake. But after the great earthquake in 1943, most of them were destroyed and never built again. Since 2002, there are initiatives to revive this old fishing method and four
ishigama are revived.. It is always featured in the local TV news.
湖山池石がま漁を伝承する会
Reference : ”石がま漁”釣好きのちちでありしよ春霞
tsuri-suki no chichi de arishi yo harugasumi
he is for ever
my father, who loves fishing ...
spring hazeHarugasumi
source : 春霞 with more photos
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kenken gyohoo ケンケン漁法 "kenken fishing"
ケンケン漁
kenkenbune ケンケン船 kenken boats
Small boats, sometimes even with sails, come out with single lines with a lure of small fish and hook, attatched to long poles. Each big fish is caught individually, to perserve its freshness.
They fish for katsuo.
Most famous are the kenken boats from Susami town in Wakayama, すさみのケンケン船.
kenken is said to come from the Hawaian kanaka language, imitating the sound of the fish lure thrown into the water.
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tatakiami ryoo たたき網漁
fishing with a net, hitting the surface On the five lakes near Wakasa in Fukui, 福井県若狭町の三方湖.
三方五湖（みかたごこ）Mikata goko
A couple has to work in great synchronicity.
One rows the boat, the other (the man) now lowers the net into the lake. Then he rows and the wife hits the lake surface with a very long green bamboo pole, cut freshly from the bamboo grove nearby.
Now the woman rows the boat, while the man pulls the net into the boat. Sometimes rather lagre fish are caught this way.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
. Utasebune fishing for shrimp 打瀬船 / うたせ船 / 打瀬（うたせ）船:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::. Ships, boats (fune) Traditional Fishing Tools 釣具 tsurigu ami あみ【網】fishing net hikiami, hiki ami ひきあみ【引き網】seine
kabuse ami かぶせあみ【被せ網 / 掩網】cover net
machi ami まちあみ【待ち網】scoop net, waiting for the fish to get in
sade ami さであみ【叉手網】scoop net with two arms
sashi ami さしあみ【刺し網】 gill net
sukui ami すくいあみ【掬い網】scoop fishing net
. . . CLICK here for Photos !tateami, tate ami たてあみ【立て網】fishtrap, setnet
toami, to ami とあみ【投網】casting net
..... to ami o utsu 投網を打つ to cast a fishing net, throw a cast net
yotsude ami よつであみ【四つ手網】four-armed scoop fishing net
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esa えさ【餌】 bait
ikesu 生洲 / 生け簀 fish preserve . . . CLICK here for ikesu Photos !. . . . . funa ikesu 船生洲（ふないけす）
fish preserve in a ship okibari おきばり【置（き）針】 "keeping the hook in place"
A rod or line is placed into the river or pond the evening before. Next morning, fish are caught.
Mostly for eel and catfish.
shizumi しずみ【沈子/ 沈み】 weight, sinker
. . . CLICK here for Photos !Senker, Gewicht
tsunagizao つなぎざお (繫竿) fishing with many rods
tsuribari つりばり【釣り鉤】 fishhook, fish hook
Fischhaken, Angelhaken
tsuri-ito つりいと【釣（り）糸】 fishing line
tsurizao つりざお【釣り竿】 fishing rod
. . . CLICK here for Photos !Fischrute, Rute
uki うき【浮子】 float (of a fishing line)
buoy
. . . CLICK here for Photos !zaotsuri 竿釣り fishing with a rod.
A common pastime of the samurai and richer merchants in Edo.
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. FISHING ... kigo for all seasons . WASHOKU : FISH and SEAFOOD SAIJIKI Daruma Pilgrims in Japan :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
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